Incrimental Backups

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Here is a bash script to do incrimental backups via ssh and rsync.

  1. !/bin/bash
#do the usage or help section
#default port if none given

getopt --test > /dev/null
if $? -ne 4 ; then
   echo "I’m sorry, `getopt --test` failed in this environment."
   exit 1
fi

OPTIONS=hdwmtvp:rl:
LONGOPTIONS=hourly,daily,weekly,monthly,test,verbose,port:,rsyncskip,login:

# -temporarily store output to be able to check for errors
# -e.g. use “--options” parameter by name to activate quoting/enhanced mode
# -pass arguments only via   -- "$@"   to separate them correctly
PARSED=$(getopt --options=$OPTIONS --longoptions=$LONGOPTIONS --name "$0" -- "$@")
if $? -ne 0 ; then
   # e.g. $? == 1
   #  then getopt has complained about wrong arguments to stdout
   echo "This is an incrimental backup system designed to make backups from remote systems to the local system"
   echo "You can also make backups from the local system to the local system"
   echo "This script is designed to be run as a cronjob and normally will provide no output"
   echo "Since this script is run as a  cronjob and uses ssh to connect to remote servers, you must use ssh-keys to avoid password prompts"
   echo
   echo "USAGE: ./testscript [options] <source> <destination>"
   echo "The options are:"
   echo "-h or --hourly for preforming hourly incrimental backups"
   echo "-d or --daily for preforming daily incrimental backups"
   echo "-w or --weekly for preforming weekly incrimental backups"
   echo "-m or --monthly for preforming monthly incrimental backups"
   echo "-t or --test for test mode. The program will run through the process of prefroming a backup without actually makeing any real changes"
   echo "-v or --verbose adds output for testing purposes"
   echo "-l or --login <someuser@1.2.3.4> used to specify your username and the ip address of the remote server"
   echo "-p or --port <1234> used to specify the remote servers port to connect to. The default is 22"
   echo "-r or rsyncskip used to skip the rsync dry-run command if your trying to see whats going on with -v or --verbose and rsync is filling up your scroll buffer"
   exit 2
fi
# read getopt’s output this way to handle the quoting right:
eval set -- "$PARSED"

# now enjoy the options in order and nicely split until we see --
while true; do
   case "$1" in
       -h|--hourly)

MODE=HOURLY 

        	shift

 ;; 

       -d|--daily)

MODE=DAILY shift 

       	;;

-w|--weekly) MODE=WEEKLY shift ;; -m|--monthly) MODE=MONTHLY shift ;; -t|--test) TESTRUN=YES shift ;; 

       -v|--verbose)

VERBOSE=YES shift ;; -p|--port) PORT="-p $2"; shift 2;; 

 -l|--login)
   LOGIN="$2";
   shift 2;;

-r|--rsyncskip) RSYNCSKIP=YES shift;; 

 -H|--help)
   echo "This is an incrimental backup system designed to make backups from remote systems to the local system"
   echo "You can also make backups from the local system to the local system"
   echo "This script is designed to be run as a cronjob and normally will provide no output"
   echo "Since this script is run as a  cronjob and uses ssh to connect to remote servers, you must use ssh-keys to avoid password prompts"
   echo
   echo "USAGE: ./testscript [options] <source> <destination>"
   echo "The options are:"
   echo "-h or --hourly for preforming hourly incrimental backups"
   echo "-d or --daily for preforming daily incrimental backups"
   echo "-w or --weekly for preforming weekly incrimental backups"
   echo "-m or --monthly for preforming monthly incrimental backups"
   echo "-t or --test for test mode. The program will run through the process of prefroming a backup without actually makeing any real changes"
   echo "-v or --verbose adds output for testing purposes"
   echo "-l or --login <someuser@1.2.3.4> used to specify your username and the ip address of the remote server"
   echo "-p or --port <1234> used to specify the remote servers port to connect to. The default is 22"
   echo "-r or rsyncskip used to skip the rsync dry-run command if your trying to see whats going on with -v or --verbose and rsync is filling up your scroll buffer"
   echo
   exit 0;

;; 

       --)

shift break ;; 

       *)

echo "Programming error" 

           	exit 3
           	;;
   esac
done

# handle non-option arguments
if $# -ne 2 ; then
   echo "$0: A single input file is required."
   exit 4
fi

# test to make sure the source exists and is reachable
if [ -n "$LOGIN" ]; then
 if ! ssh "$PORT" "$LOGIN" ls "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1  ; then

echo "ERROR Target Directory: $2 is unreachable or does not exist" exit 1; 

 else

SOURCE="$LOGIN:$1" 

 fi
else
 SOURCE="$1"
fi

#check to see if the destination dir exists
if [ -d "$2" ]; then
 TRG="$2"
else
 echo "destination directory doesn't exist."
 exit 1;
fi

             # Perform an hourly backup ****should probably make a case statement*****
if [ $MODE = HOURLY ]; then

#Today's date: DAY0=`date +%Y_%a_%b_%d_%H` #Today's date minus 25 hours DAY24=`date -d "25 hours ago" +%Y_%a_%b_%d_%H` #One hour ago: DAY1=`date -d "1 hour ago" +%Y_%a_%b_%d_%H`

#The target directory: TRG+=$DAY0 

 #The Link Dir
       LNKDIR="/media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DAY1/"

if [ -d "$LNKDIR" ]; then LNK="--link-dest=$LNKDIR" else LNK="" fi 

       #Set rsync run options
       if $TESTRUN = YES ; then
               if $VERBOSE = YES ; then
                       #Verbose + Test Mode
                       OPT="-ahvn --delete"
                       echo "Hourly Mode: Verbose + Test Mode"
                       echo
               else
                       #Quite + Test Mode
                       OPT="-ahqn --delete"
               fi
       else
               if $VERBOSE = YES ; then
                       #Verbose + Real Run
                       OPT="-ahv --delete"
                       echo "Hourly Mode: Verbose + Real Run"
                       echo
               else
                       #Quiet + Real Run
                       OPT="-ahq --delete"
               fi
       fi

if $VERBOSE = YES ; then 

               echo "This script will backup files from:"
               echo "$SOURCE"
               echo
               echo "To:"
               echo "$TRG"
               echo
               if [ -d "$LNKDIR" ]; then
                       echo "The files in: $SOURCE that match the files in"
                       echo "$LNKDIR will be symbolicly linked instead of copied"
               else
                       echo "This must be the first time a backup of this type has"
                       echo "been made because the link directory: $LNKDIR does not exist"
               fi
               echo
               echo "The rsync command that will be used is:"
               echo "rsync "$OPT $LNK -e "'ssh -p 2222'" $SRC $TRG
               echo

fi

#Execute the backup if $RSYNCSKIP != "YES" ; then rsync $OPT $LNK -e 'ssh -p 2222' $SOURCE $TRG fi 

       #Delete the backup from 25 hours ago, if it exists
       if $VERBOSE = YES ; then
               if [ -d /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DAY24 ]; then
                       echo "Old backup found."
                       echo
                       if $TESTRUN = YES ; then
                               echo "simulatingdeleting old backup:"
                               echo "rm -Rf /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DAY24"
                       fi
               else
                       echo "Old backup from 25 hours ago NOT found"
                       echo
               fi
       else
               if [ -d /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DAY24 ]; then
                       if $TESTRUN != YES ; then
                               rm -Rf /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DAY24
                       fi
               fi
       fi

elif [ $MODE = DAILY ]; then
 #Today's date:
 DATE_TODAY=`date +%Y_%a_%b_%d`

#The date at last midnight******maybe check and see if it exists if not then error out***** DATE_LAST_MIDNIGHT=`date -d "1 day ago" +%Y_%a_%b_%d_00` #DATE_8_DAYS_AGO DATE_8_DAYS_AGO=`date -d "8 days ago" +%Y_%a_%b_%d` 

       #The target directory:
       TRG+=$DAY0

       #The Link Dir
       LNKDIR="/media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_LAST_MIDNIGHT/"

       if [ -d "$LNKDIR" ]; then
               LNK="--link-dest=$LNKDIR"
       else
               LNK=""
       fi

       #Set rsync run options
       if $TESTRUN = YES ; then

if $VERBOSE = YES ; then #Verbose + Test Mode OPT="-ahvn --delete" echo "Daily Mode: Verbose + Test Mode" echo else #Quite + Test Mode OPT="-ahqn --delete" fi 

       else

if $VERBOSE = YES ; then #Verbose + Real Run OPT="-ahv --delete" echo "Daily Mode: Verbose + Real Run" echo else #Quiet + Real Run OPT="-ahq --delete" fi 

       fi

       if $VERBOSE = YES ; then
               echo "This script will backup files from:"
               echo "$SOURCE"
               echo
               echo "To:"
               echo "$TRG"
               echo
               if [ -d "$LNKDIR" ]; then
                       echo "The files in: $SOURCE that match the files in"
                       echo "$LNKDIR will be symbolicly linked instead of copied"
               else
                       echo "This must be the first time a backup of this type has"
                       echo "been made because the link directory: $LNKDIR does not exist"
               fi
               echo
               echo "The rsync command that will be used is:"
               echo "rsync "$OPT $LNK -e "'ssh -p 2222'" $SRC $TRG
               echo
       fi

#Execute the backup 

       if $RSYNCSKIP != "YES" ; then
               rsync $OPT $LNK -e 'ssh -p 2222' $SOURCE $TRG
       fi

       #Delete the backup from 8 days ago, if it exists
       if $VERBOSE = YES ; then
               if [ -d /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_8_DAYS_AGO ]; then
                       echo "Old backup found."
                       echo
                       if $TESTRUN = YES ; then
                               echo "simulatingdeleting old backup:"
                               echo "rm -Rf /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_8_DAYS_AGO"
                       fi
               else
                       echo "Old backup from 8 days ago NOT found"
                       echo
               fi
       else
               if [ -d /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_8_DAYS_AGO ]; then
                       if $TESTRUN != YES ; then
                               rm -Rf /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_8_DAYS_AGO
                       fi
               fi
       fi



#Weekly backup. Saves 4 weeks worth of backups.
elif [ $MODE = WEEKLY ]; then
       #Today's week number:
       DATE_THIS_WEEK=`date +%Y_Week_%U`

#Today's date: 

       DATE_TODAY=`date +%Y_%a_%b_%d`

#Date one week ago DATE_5_WEEKS_AGO=`date -d "5 weeks ago" +%Y_Week_%U` 

       #The target directory:
       TRG+=$DAY0
       #The Link Dir
       LNKDIR="/media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_5_WEEKS_AGO/"

       #Check and see if the link directory exists. if not then don't use the rsync --link-dest option
       if [ -d "$LNKDIR" ]; then
               LNK="--link-dest=$LNKDIR"
       else
               LNK=""
       fi

       #Set rsync run options
       if $TESTRUN = YES ; then
               if $VERBOSE = YES ; then
                       #Verbose + Test Mode
                       OPT="-ahvn --delete"
                       echo "Weekly Mode: Verbose + Test Mode"
                       echo
               else
                       #Quite + Test Mode
                       OPT="-ahqn --delete"
               fi
       else
               if $VERBOSE = YES ; then
                       #Verbose + Real Run
                       OPT="-ahv --delete"
                       echo "Weekly Mode: Verbose + Real Run"
                       echo
               else
                       #Quiet + Real Run
                       OPT="-ahq --delete"
               fi
       fi

       if $VERBOSE = YES ; then
               echo "This script will backup files from:"

echo "$SOURCE" echo echo "To:" echo "$TRG" echo if [ -d "$LNKDIR" ]; then echo "The files in: $SOURCE that match the files in" echo "$LNKDIR will be symbolicly linked instead of copied" else echo "This must be the first time a backup of this type has" echo "been made because the link directory: $LNKDIR does not exist" fi echo 

               echo "The rsync command that will be used is:"
               echo "rsync "$OPT $LNK -e "'ssh -p 2222'" $SRC $TRG

echo 

       fi

       #Execute the backup
       if $RSYNCSKIP != "YES" ; then
               rsync $OPT $LNK -e 'ssh -p 2222' $SOURCE $TRG
       fi

#Delete the backup from 5 weeks ago, if it exists if $VERBOSE = YES ; then if [ -d /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_5_WEEKS_AGO ]; then echo "Old backup found." echo if $TESTRUN = YES ; then echo "simulatingdeleting old backup:" echo "rm -Rf /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_5_WEEKS_AGO" fi else echo "The Old backup from 5 weeks ago was NOT found" echo fi else 

               if [ -d /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_5_WEEKS_AGO ]; then
                       if $TESTRUN != YES ; then

rm -Rf /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_5_WEEKS_AGO fi 

               fi

fi 

#Monthly backup. Saves 12 months worth of backups.
elif [ $MODE = MONTHLY ]; then
       #Today's week number:
       DATE_THIS_MONTH=`date +%Y_%m`
       #Today's date:
       DATE_TODAY=`date +%Y_%a_%b_%d`
       #Date one week ago
       DATE_13_MONTHS_AGO=`date -d "13 months ago" +%Y_%m`

       #The target directory:
       TRG+=$DAY0
       #The Link Dir
       LNKDIR="/media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_13_MONTHS_AGO/"

       #Check and see if the link directory exists. if not then don't use the rsync --link-dest option
       if [ -d "$LNKDIR" ]; then
               LNK="--link-dest=$LNKDIR"
       else
               LNK=""
       fi

       #Set rsync run options
       if $TESTRUN = YES ; then
               if $VERBOSE = YES ; then
                       #Verbose + Test Mode
                       OPT="-ahvn --delete"
                       echo "Monthly Mode: Verbose + Test Mode"
                       echo
               else
                       #Quite + Test Mode
                       OPT="-ahqn --delete"
               fi
       else
               if $VERBOSE = YES ; then
                       #Verbose + Real Run
                       OPT="-ahv --delete"
                       echo "Monthly Mode: Verbose + Real Run"
                       echo
               else
                       #Quiet + Real Run
                       OPT="-ahq --delete"
               fi
       fi

       if $VERBOSE = YES ; then
               echo "This script will backup files from:"
               echo "$SOURCE"
               echo
               echo "To:"
               echo "$TRG"
               echo
               if [ -d "$LNKDIR" ]; then
                       echo "The files in: $SOURCE that match the files in"
                       echo "$LNKDIR will be symbolicly linked instead of copied"
               else
                       echo "This must be the first time a backup of this type has"
                       echo "been made because the link directory: $LNKDIR does not exist"
               fi
               echo
               echo "The rsync command that will be used is:"
               echo "rsync "$OPT $LNK -e "'ssh -p 2222'" $SRC $TRG
               echo
       fi

       #Execute the backup
       if $RSYNCSKIP != "YES" ; then
               rsync $OPT $LNK -e 'ssh -p 2222' $SOURCE $TRG
       fi

       #Delete the backup from 13 months ago, if it exists
       if $VERBOSE = YES ; then
               if [ -d /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_13_MONTHS_AGO ]; then
                       echo "Old backup found."
                       echo
                       if $TESTRUN = YES ; then
                               echo "simulatingdeleting old backup:"
                               echo "rm -Rf /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_5_WEEKS_AGO"
                       fi
               else
                       echo "The Old backup from 13 months ago was NOT found"
                       echo
               fi
       else
               if [ -d /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_13_MONTHS_AGO ]; then
                       if $TESTRUN != YES ; then
                               rm -Rf /media/4USB/backup/sserver/$DATE_13_MONTHS_AGO
                       fi
               fi
       fi
fi
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